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                        SUBSURFACE LANDFILL FIRE SUPPRESSION AND MONITORING
                       
A Case Study at the Campbell Mountain Landfill, Penticton, British Columbia

The Monitoring Plan.
In order to determine the effectiveness of the Phase 1 clay cover and shotcrete seal oxygen barrier, and to provide monitoring locations for subsurface temperature and combustion gases, SHA proposed the installation of a series of boreholes in the North Ravine area.

The borehole layout, which is shown on Figure1, was developed with the intent of providing the following:

  • An accurate measure of the depth of refuse along the length of the north ravine
  • Determination, if possible, of the extent of the landfill fire.
  • Permanent gas and temperature monitoring locations that could be used to monitor conditions of the fire.
Boreholes GMW98-1 through GMW98-4 were installed along a section line through the length of the north ravine in order to provide an accurate cross section of the area. GMW98-1 and GMW98-4 were placed at the crest and near the base of the slope respectively, while GMW98-2 and GMW98-3 were placed above and below the sinkhole, which was the suspected location of the main fire.


GMW98-5 was placed 30 metres from the crest of the north ravine, and serves as the background well (with respect to natural temperatures encountered in a landfill due to anaerobic decomposition).

GMW98-7 was installed in line with GMW98-2 to monitor any movement of the fire towards the main body of the landfill. GMW98-6 and GMW98-8 were installed in line with GMW98-1 to provide a second line of detection behind the crest of the North Ravine.

It is important to note that, although installation of the wells after the clay cover was put into place would have made the installation of the Phase 1 cover system easier, existing temperature readings within the North Ravine were required before the clay final cover was placed to provide a basis for comparison through which the effectiveness of the cover system could be assessed.

     Figure1 Click on picture to enlarge.

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